Massacre at Akka Larentia

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<br><br>Massacre at Akka Larentia (Italian: Strage di Acca Larentia) – the terrorist attack of the Italian ultra-left on the activists of the neo-fascist party on January 7, 1978. It led to the murder of two people, the third was killed in a clash of neo-fascists with the police in the evening of the same day. Was an important milestone in the political violence of the Lead Seventies.<br>Shooting of activists and clashes with police<br>In roman Via Acca Larentia the headquarters of the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement (ISD) party was . On the evening of January 7, 1978, five young ISD activists were in the party office, preparing for a party event (street concert) in the Risorgimento square. At about half past seven in the evening they left the building and were fired upon from automatic weapons.<br><br>19-year-old student Franco Bigonzetti was killed instantly. Vincenzo Segneri, Maurizio Lupini and Giuseppe D’Audino locked themselves in the headquarters. 18-year-old student Francesco Chavatta tried to escape through the emergency exit, but was shot in the back, from which he soon died in an ambulance.<br><br>Information about the attack on the ISD headquarters quickly spread throughout the party organization. Party activists gathered at the scene and correspondents appeared. ISD National Secretary Giorgio Almirante, a prominent parliamentary politician, has arrived.<br><br>Since not all with the neo-fascists, squabbles arose that turned into fights. The fight was attended by the leader of the neo-fascist youth organization Gianfranco Fini, the future founder of the National Alliance and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Italy.<br><br>The resulting riots led to police intervention. Neo-fascist militants fought, the police fired several shots. As a result, 20-year-old activist of the youth organization ISD, musician-guitarist Stefano Rechioni was fatally wounded. He died in hospital two days later.<br><br>A few months later, Francesco Chawatta’s father committed suicide.<br>Ultra-left footprint. The ineffectiveness of the investigation<br>Ultra-left terrorist group claimed responsibility for attack and shelling Nuclei Armati per il Contropotere Territoriale – „Armed cells of territorial resistance“. An audio cassette was found at one of the gas stations with her statement:<br><br>The armed cells hit the black rats as they went out into the act of violence. The list is still long. The fascists are guaranteed connivance in bourgeois prisons, but they have no guarantees from proletarian justice.<br><br>However, the investigation into the Akka Larentia crime has come to a standstill. The participants in the attack could not be found. Only in 1988 militants of the left-wing radical organization were arrested Lotta Continua – Mario Scrozza, Fulvio Turrini, Cesare Cavallari and Francesco de Martis. Scrozza committed suicide in prison, the other three were acquitted for lack of evidence. Daniela Dolce, who belonged to the same group, fled to the Sandinistas in Nicaragua.<br><br>Thus, the participants in the attack on the ISD headquarters have not been identified to this day. The captain of the Carabinieri, Eduardo Sivori, who was responsible for the death of Rechioni in the suppression of the riots, was not subject to any criminal prosecution or disciplinary action.<br><br>Submachine gun Skorpion, from which the shelling was carried out, in 1988 he showed up at one of the „Red Brigades“ turnouts in Milan.<br>Political implications. A new wave of terrorism<br>January 7, 1978 was the milestone of the Lead Seventies. The virtually unpunished murder of three neo-fascists stirred up the ultra-right youth. A new generation of neo-fascist terrorists has emerged, represented primarily by the Revolutionary Armed Cells (NAR). Its hallmarks were spontaneity of actions and non-recognition of any authorities (with the exception of Pierluigi Concutelli).<br><br>Already on February 28, 1978, NAR militants led by Valerio Fioravanti fired at a group of communist youth in Piazza San Giovanni (one of the communists was killed). The NAR attacks lasted four years, targeting not only the communists, but also the state.<br><br>We knew them. We played together with Francesco Chavatta. The first reaction of me and many others was shock – as if a loved one had died. We realized that we should not count on Almirante – he used us, but did not protect us. Akka Larentia was our final break with ISD. The fascists revolted against the police, against those who killed . The Nazis shot at the police. This marked the point of no return.
Francesca Mambro<br>Memory of the event and political conflicts<br>The triple murder on Akka Larentia did not cause a wide resonance in the world – in contrast, for example, to the Madrid shooting in Atocha Street, which angered the world community a year earlier. This is due to the fact that the victims – young neo-fascists – did not evoke the sympathy of the left humanitarian intelligentsia and influential media that shaped public opinion (unlike the Spanish left-wing lawyers who died in Atocha). However, in Italy, January 7, 1978 is considered an important tragic date.<br><br>The anniversaries of the massacre of Akka Larentia are regularly celebrated in Rome. On January 10, 1979, an unauthorized demonstration of neo-fascists escalated into a mass brawl with the ultra-left and the police. The carabinieri again used their weapons, the neo-fascist Alberto Giaquinto was killed. He was named the last victim of the massacre at Akka Larentia.<br><br>They were fascists. They died as fascists. They should be remembered as fascists.<br><br>The 30th anniversary of the January 2008 events was widely celebrated. A memorial mass was served, and many candles were lit. The ceremony was attended by Gianfranco Fini. The consignment Fiamma Tricolore organized a four thousandth march across Rome. The Mayor of Rome Walter Veltroni called the memory of the events „the civic duty of society.“ In 2010, the next mayor, Giovanni Alemanno, announced his intention to assign a commemorative name to one of the Roman squares. Interestingly, Veltroni was a communist in 1978, Alemanno was an ISD activist.<br><br>In January 2012, a new plaque was displayed on the building of the former ISD headquarters. Bigonzetti, Chawatta and Requioni are no longer called „victims of political violence“ but „victims of communist hatred and servants of the state.“<br><br>On January 7, 2014, Rome Mayor Ignazio Marino celebrated another anniversary with a tweet:<br><br>Political violence has no right to manifest itself in our city.<br><br>Such a restrained position drew sharp criticism from Alemanno:<br><br>This is a serious mistake made by the Mayor of Marino. During our term of office and before, when Walter Veltroni was Mayor, every effort was made to secure a shared memory of the lead years. Tribute was paid to all the victims – left, right, police. Our administration laid a wreath at the place where blood was shed, even if the victims were politically hostile to us. Marino did not personally come to Akka Larentia, did not send any of his advisers. This breaks tradition, creates a negative precedent.<br><br>Marino explained his position by disagreeing with the wording „servant of the state“ on the new memorial plaque. He considered this expression disrespectful towards law enforcement agencies. However, representatives of various political parties condemned Marino and stood in solidarity with Alemanno.<br>

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